澳大利亚一份最新报告揭示了难民和人道主义移民初到阶段的严峻经济状况。1 约90%的难民儿童在抵澳第一年生活在贫困中，其中59%的人道主义签证持有者每周收入仅为400澳元或更少。1 报告基于2011-2021年间约140,000名（占当期总移民的11%）以人道主义签证抵澳人士的数据进行分析。1
困境并非短期现象。初抵第一年，75%的男性和80%的女性不在劳动力市场中。1 尽管经济状况随时间推移会改善，但进展缓慢且存在性别差异——十年后，仍有33%的人道主义移民生活在贫困中，这一比例影响一半以上的难民背景儿童。1 现有政策进一步加剧了这一困境，规定人们在获得永久居留权后需等待4年才能获得社会保障。1 报告建议澳大利亚政府减少新到达居民等待期限、增加定居支持服务的资金投入，以加强对难民群体的定居扶持。1
A new report has found that approximately 90% of refugee children in Australia experience poverty during their first year in the country, with severe financial constraints affecting newly arrived humanitarian migrants. 1 According to the findings, about 59% of humanitarian visa holders earn just 400 Australian dollars or less per week in their initial year. 1 The financial hardship is compounded by employment barriers, as 75% of men and 80% of women from humanitarian backgrounds remain outside the labor market during this critical period. 1
The data, drawn from trends observed between 2011 and 2021 when approximately 140,000 people—roughly 11% of total arrivals—entered Australia on humanitarian visas, reveals a pattern of economic disadvantage. 1 While living standards gradually improve over time, progress remains slow. 1 A decade after arrival, 33% of humanitarian migrants continue to live in poverty, with more than half of children from refugee backgrounds affected. 1 The report attributes some of these challenges to the waiting period policy for newly arrived residents, which requires individuals to wait four years after obtaining permanent residency before accessing social security benefits. 1 The study recommends that Australia reduce these waiting periods, increase funding for support services, and strengthen settlement assistance programs to better support humanitarian migrants during their transition. 1
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