伊朗支持的也门胡塞武装与伊拉克民兵组织正在加强协调，共同对沙特阿拉伯及地区能源运输构成威胁。1根据伊拉克官员的确认，胡塞武装的特使在伊拉克民兵运营的作战室内工作，两方共同计划并执行了两天的无人机群体攻击。1
7月份，沙特和美国联合轰炸了伊拉克境内的伊朗支持民兵，起因是无人机对沙特油田发起的攻击。1这次联合空袭造成至少20名伊拉克战士、6名伊朗顾问和至少1名胡塞武装官员丧生。1随后，胡塞武装宣布对沙特红海运输线实施封锁，并从7月底以来对沙特油设施和油轮实施了十多次攻击。1周二的一波攻击造成70多人伤亡，其中包括妇女和儿童。1
伊朗议会发言人顾问马迪·穆罕默迪表示："伊朗在当前战争中有混合战略，我们不是在一条战线上作战，也不是使用一种工具"。1危机集团高级也门分析师艾哈迈德·纳吉指出，胡塞武装和伊拉克民兵在加沙战争背景下的合作有所发展。1
Iran-backed Houthi fighters from Yemen and Iraqi militias have intensified coordination to threaten regional stability, according to officials familiar with their operations 1. The two groups jointly planned and executed a two-day drone swarm attack against Saudi oil facilities, demonstrating a new level of collaboration between Iranian proxy forces 1. Iraqi officials confirmed that Houthi envoys were operating inside command centers run by Iranian-backed Iraqi militias, facilitating this coordinated effort 1.
The scale of the combined operations has grown significantly. Since July, the Houthis have launched more than a dozen attacks on Saudi oil installations and tankers following their announcement of a blockade on Red Sea shipping routes serving the kingdom 1. A Tuesday attack wave resulted in over 70 casualties, including women and children 1. In response to the drone strikes on Saudi oil infrastructure, Saudi Arabia and the United States conducted airstrikes in July targeting the Iranian-backed militias in Iraq, killing at least 20 Iraqi fighters, six Iranian advisors, and at least one Houthi official 1.
Iranian officials have framed this multi-front approach as deliberate strategy. An advisor to Iran's parliament speaker stated: "Iran has a hybrid strategy in the current war; we are not fighting on one front, nor using one tool" 1. According to analysts, the cooperation between Houthi forces and Iraqi militias has developed during the Gaza conflict, with the groups increasingly synchronized in their targeting of Saudi interests and regional shipping lanes 1.
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