澳大利亚弗林德斯大学研究人员在回顾22项相关研究后发现，冲洗马桶会释放含有生物材料的气溶胶进入成人呼吸区域1。这些气溶胶可在空气中悬浮至少20秒1，包含的病原体包括军团菌、流感病毒和诺如病毒1。研究表明，关闭马桶盖"并不能完全阻止气溶胶逃逸"1，尽管研究人员仍建议将其作为预防措施1。
冲洗过程中释放的微粒数量与水量和涡流强度直接相关，冲洗水量越大、涡流越强劲，释放的微粒越多1。该研究指出，浴室环境中的气溶胶对健康的风险被严重低估，这对建筑设计和感染控制具有重要影响1。此外，50%-80%的人在卫生间使用手机，年轻一代的比例接近100%1。这项研究已发表在《科学总环境》期刊1。
Researchers from Flinders University have reviewed 22 studies and found that flushing toilets releases aerosols containing biological material into the breathing zone of adults, with these particles capable of remaining suspended in the air for at least 20 seconds.1 The aerosols can carry pathogens including Legionella bacteria, influenza virus, and norovirus.1 According to the research, the volume of water flushed and the strength of the resulting vortex determine how many particles are released into the environment.1
While closing the toilet lid does not completely prevent aerosol escape, researchers still recommend doing so as a precautionary measure.1 The study highlights that the health risks posed by aerosols in bathroom environments have been significantly underestimated, with implications for building design and infection control practices.1 Additional findings indicate that between 50 and 80 percent of people use mobile phones in bathrooms, with the figure approaching 100 percent among younger generations.1 The research was published in the journal Science of The Total Environment.1
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