中国科学院海洋研究所研究团队发现了南极冰盖异常增加的原因 1。在2021至2023年间，东南极冰盖增加了约695亿吨冰的质量 1，这是GRACE卫星观测以来最大的南极冰盖质量增加 1。研究表明，热带太平洋暖池的持续增温通过罗斯比波列和大气环流变化，向东南极洲输送了大量水汽，导致该地区降雪量异常增加 1。热带暖池的增温占观察到的降雪异常的91%，人为因素的贡献仅为9% 1。
尽管这一增加显著，但研究强调这只是暂时现象 1。类似的热带暖池增温周期大约每10年出现一次 1。从更长期的角度看，过去20年间南极冰盖平均每年流失约140.5亿吨冰 1，这一增冰记录难以改变南极冰盖长期衰退的总体趋势 1。该研究已于2026年8月19日发表在《自然》杂志上 1。
A research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Institute of Oceanology has uncovered the mechanism behind an unprecedented increase in Antarctic ice mass. Between 2021 and 2023, East Antarctica's ice sheet gained approximately 695 billion tons of ice, marking the largest mass increase observed by the GRACE satellite since its deployment 1. The scientists traced this anomalous accumulation to sustained warming in the tropical Pacific warm pool, which channeled moisture-laden air masses toward East Antarctica through Rossby wave patterns and atmospheric circulation changes, resulting in exceptional snowfall across the region 1.
The tropical warm pool's temperature increase accounted for 91 percent of the observed snowfall anomaly, while human-caused climate factors contributed only 9 percent 1. Researchers emphasized, however, that this gain represents a temporary fluctuation rather than a reversal of long-term trends 1. Similar warm pool heating cycles occur approximately once per decade 1. Over the past two decades, Antarctica has averaged a net ice loss of approximately 14.05 billion tons annually, underscoring that the recent gain does not alter the continent's overall trajectory of ice sheet decline 1. The findings were published in Nature on August 19, 2026 1.
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