马里兰大学研究人员在西部菱纹响尾蛇的血液中发现了一种天然毒素阻滞蛋白，该蛋白能够有效中和多种危险蛇类的毒液。1研究表明，这些蛋白质的最优组合在实验室测试中的效力约为现有商业抗蛇毒血清的10倍，有望开发出更强大的新一代蛇咬伤治疗方法。1由马里兰大学杰出教授肖恩·B·卡罗尔领导的研究团队发现，FETUA-3蛋白可阻断西部菱纹响尾蛇毒液中的多种金属蛋白酶毒素。1
世界卫生组织数据显示，毒蛇每年导致约8万至14万人死亡，数十万幸存者留下永久性残疾。1卡罗尔表示，"这些蛋白质的部分成分在5000万年的蛇类进化中完全保守"。1该研究成果已发表于《美国国家科学院院刊》，经费由霍华德·休斯医学研究所和毒蛇资源中心资助。1根据研究团队的预期，首批商业应用将在兽医医学领域推出，随后才会将该技术应用于人类蛇咬伤治疗。1
Researchers at the University of Maryland have identified naturally occurring toxin-blocking proteins in western diamondback rattlesnake blood that can effectively neutralize venom from multiple dangerous snake species.1 The optimal combination of these proteins demonstrated approximately 10 times the potency of existing commercial sheep-derived rattlesnake antivenom in laboratory testing.1
The discovery carries significant public health implications, as snake venom causes between 80,000 and 140,000 deaths annually worldwide according to World Health Organization data, with hundreds of thousands of survivors suffering permanent disabilities.1 The research identified FETUA-3 protein as capable of blocking multiple metalloprotease toxins found in western diamondback rattlesnake venom.1 Led by distinguished University of Maryland professor Sean B. Carroll, the study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences and received funding from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Venom Resource Center (grant number P40OD01960-22).1
Carroll noted that certain components of these proteins "have remained completely conserved throughout 50 million years of snake evolution,"1 suggesting their fundamental biological importance. While veterinary medicine is expected to see the first commercial applications of this discovery, treatment options for human snakebite victims may follow subsequently.1
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