全国药店行业正在经历深度调整。国家药监局数据显示，2025年全国药店总量从68.4万家下降至65.6万家，一年间净减少2.7万家1。这一变化背后反映了行业结构的重大分化：连锁门店贡献了76.6%的减量，而单体药店仅占23.4%1。与此同时，行业连锁化率反而从2023年的57.81%下降至2025年的56.23%1。
在连锁药店中，分化现象尤为明显。规模在300-500家的中型连锁受冲击最严重，而头部上市连锁药店已开始温和扩张1。六家上市连锁药店2025年全年合计净增加433家门店，2026年上半年的扩张步伐加快，合计净增加1180家1。其中，大参林2026年上半年净增968家，益丰净增408家，老百姓净增202家1。
药店关闭的主要原因在于区域密度过高、处方难以外流和医药电商冲击1。业内人士判断药店数量未来还要再减少约20万家才算合理1。
China's pharmacy industry underwent significant contraction in 2025, with the total number of drugstores nationwide declining from 684,000 to 656,000, representing a loss of 27,000 outlets 1. This downsizing marks a continued consolidation within a sector facing mounting pressures from multiple directions.
The retreat was primarily driven by chain pharmacies, which accounted for 76.6% of the closures, while independent drugstores made up only 23.4% of the reduction 1. The pharmacy chain consolidation rate dropped from 57.81% in 2023 to 56.23% in 2025, reflecting broader structural shifts within the market 1. Mid-sized chains operating 300 to 500 locations faced the most severe impact, though leading listed pharmacy chains have begun cautious expansion. Six major publicly traded pharmacy operators added a combined 433 stores in 2025, and expanded their networks by 1,180 outlets combined during the first half of 2026, with Da Shen Lin contributing 968 new stores, Yifeng adding 408, and Lao Bai Xing opening 202 additional locations 1.
Industry analysts suggest the sector requires further rationalization. Approximately 200,000 additional pharmacy closures may be necessary to achieve an optimal market structure 1. One industry expert, Shao Qing, contends that a return to pre-2019 levels, when China maintained roughly 400,000 pharmacies, would represent a sustainable equilibrium 1. The consolidation has been driven by excessive regional density, the slow movement of prescriptions out of hospitals into retail channels, and intensifying competition from e-commerce platforms in the medical sector 1.
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